Abstract: with the continuous progress of modern medicine, various burn treatment technologies have made new breakthroughs. As the pursuit of beauty is getting higher and higher, people pay more attention to the healing of their wounds while paying attention to the treatment technology. They often hope to achieve the minimum for the remaining problems of scars, or even require complete repair. Silicone gel as a noninvasive and simple treatment for scar has been widely used in clinical stage. In this paper, the actual treatment process and effect of silicone gel in the treatment of scar are analyzed and studied, so as to promote the substantial advancement and development of this technology.

Keywords:  silicone gel; scar; therapeutic application

With the development of society and the innovation of medical technology, the media and advertisements have publicized all kinds of nursing services, such as no scar treatment, minimally invasive surgery and scar elimination. However, the current method of eliminating scar is still widely used in medicine. The biggest purpose for people to remove scars is to be acceptable in appearance. Otherwise, patients with burns or scalds, for example, receive timely surgical treatment. The psychological pressure of scarring to them is not less than the physical pain. The treatment of scar is the best psychological consolation for patients after operation. Silicone gel therapy is adopted in this environment.

1. The birth process of silica gel removing scar

For a long time in the past, the main way to inhibit the generation of scars was compression and plastic wrapping, which hindered the dysfunction caused by scar contracture. This kind of compression can be done by elastic bandages, body shaping clothes, plastic belts, etc. When using these auxiliary props, in order to prevent the scar from being directly exposed to the compressed or wrapped clothing, and prevent the two damage caused by the friction during the recovery, it is necessary to add silicone gel between the scar and the clothing to increase the lubrication. After clinical contrast, it was found that patients who had been treated with silicone gel had a good recovery effect. Since then, silica gel has been used directly in inhibiting scars, and has become an important therapeutic agent.

2. Clinical trials of silicone gel

Scientific research has found that silica gel has a wide range of applications, and it can be effective in treating scar formation from newly healed scars to less than 12 years. In the experiment, the patients with similar scar formation time were treated with silica gel in two different ways. A group of patients used traditional compression methods such as elastic bandage or plastic clothing to smear silica gel or silicone gel film on the scar, and the other patients did not use any compression or plastic wrap to apply the silicone gel to the juice. According to the normal operation procedure, after a period of observation, it is found that the treatment effect of the two methods is the same. The result is the same when we compare the scar experiments of different time. During the entire course of treatment, the patient did not have any discomfort. The silicone gel did not produce any side effects and reduced the treatment cost and treatment time of the patients.

3. Therapeutic applications of silicone gel

Further study and analysis of the scope and therapeutic depth of silica gel were found:

（1）Silicone gel can improve the functional defects of joints, such as scar contracture, rigid gas, soften scar tissue and restore normal activities of joints. For skin transplantation, thicker graft skin can maintain normal stretching under the action of silica gel; it can control effectively the healing of scar healing in deep burn position, and soften tissue and improve recovery effect. In addition, silicone gel also has many effects on treating keloid scar, preventing scar epithelium proliferation, inhibiting bacteria, ventilating and moisturizing, and promoting normal skin repair.

(2) observation of the treatment of unscars shows that different scars tend to be consistent after using silicone gel, which can relieve scar to a certain extent. In clinical practice, after several weeks of use of silicone gel, the texture of the scar will soften, the color will fade until it becomes white, and the thickness will also decrease to the skin. However, the more time the treatment is, the slower the effect will be. It is worth noting that the treatment of silicone gel not only brings scar to the normal skin from appearance, but also has the effect of easing the pain and itching of the patients, but it also causes itching. This situation is due to the fact that it is not clear in the process of clear silica gel, so we must do daily cleaning work when we use silicone gel.

4. Use of silicone gel

The correct use of silica gel is responsible for patients and helps patients complete the goal of removing scar and eliminating scar as early as possible. Scientific methods and procedures are very necessary. In general, silicone gel can only be started 1 to 2 weeks after the wound is completely healed. Before using the silicone gel, wash the affected part with warm water. When cleaning, notice that the wound can not be damaged for two times. Then wipe the water with gauze or cotton cloth, then apply silicone gel or silicone gel film. Some special bending parts need to be bandaged or bandaged. Silica gel can give maximum effect. It needs to be applied for at least 12 hours every day to play a role, so it is recommended to apply before going to bed at night, without affecting the normal work and life of patients. Every day after cleansing the silicone gel, clean the affected area to prevent itching or sweat rash around the scar.

5. The action mechanism of silicon gel

There are many traditional ways to treat scars. Many years of medical efforts have been made to prevent hypertrophic scars, but no good progress has been made. With the emergence of the concept of compression method, scar treatment has also entered a bottleneck period. However, there is still no good way for the treatment of some special, non binding and long-term pressing positions, even if relevant unconventional means have been adopted , the treatment time is too long, and the treatment effect is slow for a long time. With the discovery of silica gel, its treatment of scar has been widely used. Clinical studies also show that the effect of treating scar is very significant, but as an accidental material, we try to find the answer from its characteristics and characteristics.

First of all, from the performance characteristics of silica gel, it is found in the surface tension and tensile tests that the extensibility of silica gel membrane is very close to the extensibility of human skin, which is about 40 degrees. As a medical material, the safety of silica gel is also very obvious. Exposure to silica gel medium inoculated with different bacteria is exposed to air. After 24 hours, tiny oil is found on filter paper under silica gel. The oil is analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analyzer. It is found that silicone oil and silicone oil are the treatment and restoration of necrotic tissue. Conditions can help the scar to recover and accelerate the formation of new meat and skin. After 48 hours, no Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were found in the experimental animals, indicating that silicone gel has very good safety and reliability in medical field.

Secondly, observing the performance of the silica gel under 8850 times high power electron microscope, it is found that there are many pores on the surface of the silica gel. In the experiment of air permeability, it is found that the speed of water vapor passing through it is relatively slow, and the steam in the unit time only accounts for about half of the human skin, which has a very good moisture retention effect. Silicone gel applied to the skin does not affect the normal evaporation of the skin. Although the evaporation rate is slow, it can still restore the scar to normal level after removing the silicone gel. Therefore, the silica gel does not affect the normal function after the scar, while the silicon gel slows down the evaporation rate of the scar water and can maintain the normal work of the scar skin in the treatment. To maintain these steam is another important function, which is to soften the scar. When the scar is in the joint or the folds easily, silica gel can ensure its function is not affected and has no effect on the treatment result.

Third, is the impact on scar skin, silicone gel in the treatment of scar can give scar normal temperature. Smear silicone gel on the surface of scar and measure the temperature of the part. Because the temperature of hyperemia scar is slightly higher than that of normal skin, it is placed in air. When the skin is repaired, the congestion and accumulation of the skin will lead to higher oxygen partial pressure. The silica gel can be well ventilated, not only allowing oxygen to pass normally, but also heat dissipation, so that the scar will not become fester and fester Because of the humidity.

6. Concluding remarks

To sum up, from the present stage, silica gel has obvious effect in improving the appearance of scar, restoring the function of scar skin and controlling the thickness of scar, and has no limitation on the location of scar, and has good effect on physiological and psychological recovery of patients. In the long term treatment, there is no evidence that silica gel has any side effects, irritation or injury to the human body, and is the closest drug to the skin. However, there is no scientific and systematic conclusion about the action principle of silica gel. It remains to be studied in medical field, and there is room for development of the expansion and application of silica gel.

Reference:

[1] Sun Bingwei, Liu Chang, Tai Ningzheng, Xie Jiangning, Sun Hui, Shen Jun, Xia Chenglin, Huang Aihua. Clinical study of silicone gel scar patch for post-traumatic hypertrophic scars [J]. Journal of Zhenjiang Medical College, 2000,10 (2): 324-325.

[2] Fan Dongli, Li Shirong, Xiao Guangxia, etc. Clinical study on the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars on wounds with new silicone membrane made in China [J]. Chinese Journal of medical cosmetology, 1996,2 (2): 64